New research supported by the Cotton Research and Development Corporation (CRDC) and conducted through the NSW Department of Primary Industries (DPI) has found that water usage among Australian cotton growers has almost halved in the last 25 years.
Cotton farming in 1995 used about 1.43 megalitres per bale, but as of 2020 only 0.74 megalitres is now needed per bale.
The data explored by NSW DPI’s Narrabri-based researchers, Dr David Perovic and Ben Crawley goes all the way back to 1992.
It’s a great indication of the adoption of responsible farming practices, according to CRDC’s general manager R and D investment, Allan Williams.
“I grew up on a cotton farm near the cotton capital of Wee Waa and have lived near Narrabri for the past 30 years,” he said.
“The changes I’ve seen over the years in how cotton growers approach water management have been substantial.”
Mr Williams believes this attitude shift comes down to two factors; the scarcity of water and its status as a shared resource.
“Nowadays, there’s a general understanding about just how precious a resource water really is – everyone, regardless of their industry, is making a conscious effort to make the most of what is available,” he said.
“In terms of the agriculture industry specifically, there’s a much greater focus on what techniques and methods can be used to irrigate more effectively.
“And, in terms of profitability, it’s just good sense for cotton growers to use the water they’ve invested in, wisely.
“The other factor relates to the fact that water is a public resource, it’s shared by the entire population so there’s an expectation that everyone will be using it responsibly.”
Mr Williams says he’s pleased to see this improvement in water productivity.
“People are certainly more aware of just how valuable water is, which is important,” he said.
In addition to greater public awareness, industry-specific efforts – such as improvements to irrigation infrastructure and management strategies – have also played a role in the decline of water usage in cotton farming.
CRDC has funded water usage research for decades, with monitoring results providing valuable industry data.
By collaborating with a third-party research organisation like NSW DPI for this most recent study, CRDC is able to prove the industry consists of responsible and sustainable growers.
Further water usage targets for the industry include a 12.5 per cent improvement in water productivity to reach 0.71 megalitres per bale by 2024, as outlined in the current PLANET. PEOPLE. PADDOCK. Sustainability Framework.
On current trends, this goal is achievable.
And, in the meantime, Mr Williams predicts cotton growers will be making the most of the favourable weather conditions seen in the local area over the last two years.
“We’re seeing lots of industry confidence given the wet weather, so I think farmers will be planting a good amount of seed this season,” said Mr Williams.
“And the current prices for cotton are good too, which is promising.
“Recent rainfall also means there’s a nice amount of soil moisture, providing further confidence to growers for the upcoming season.”
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